Here is a list of resources and scholarship cited in this report. Additionally resources that were not cited are listed under each section as “Further Resources.”
Community Resources for Aromanticism and Asexuality
AUREA Aro Census Team 2020. (2021). The Aro Census 2020 Report. AUREA. https://aromanticism.org/aro-census
Gaider, D. (2015). “David Gaider answers some more questions; asexual romances, working at Bio‑ Ware, fan theories and cancelled plotlines. Reddit. https://www.reddit.com/r/dragonage/comments/2rcnmj/david_gaider_answers_some_more_questions_asexual/
Hermann, L., Baba, A., Montagner, D., Parker, R., Smiga, J. A., Tomaskovic-Moore, S., Walfrand, A., Miller, T. L., Weis, Bauer, C., Campos, A., Jackson, E., Johnston, M., Khan, S., Lutz, G., Nguyen, H., Niederhoff, T., van der Biezen, T., Ventresca, C., & Volvoredra. (2022). 2020 Ace Community Survey Summary Report. The Ace Community Survey Team. https://acecommunitysurvey.org/2022/10/27/2020-ace-community-survey-summary-report/
Further Resources
“Ace Erasure on Screen” by Angie Loveday
- “Beyond a lack of characters… Part 1 of 3 of a series discussing the role of asexual characters on TV and Film, as well as their impact on the asexual community.”
Aromantic Experiences in Fandom by aro-and-tired on Tumblr
- “This survey was aimed at aromantic people, to share their experiences with fandom spaces, creating fancontent, and shipping. The survey got a total of 916 responses.”
AVENues Newsletter: Summer 2021
- “This issue is on Fandoms! Ace characters, ace themes, or the need for more visibility within fandoms.”
Examining the Whiteness of the Ace Community by Michael Paramo
Research on Aromantics compiled by AUREA
Scholarly Resources for Aromanticism and Asexuality
Álvarez Munárriz, L. (2010). La identidad “asexual.” Gazeta de Antropología, 26(2). https://doi.org/10.30827/Digibug.6777
Antonsen, A. N., Zdaniuk, B., Yule, M., & Brotto, L. A. (2020). Ace and Aro: Understanding Differences in Romantic Attractions Among Persons Identifying as Asexual. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 49(5), 1615–1630. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-019-01600-1
Bezerra, P. V. (2019). Assexualidade: subjetividades emergentes no século XXI. EDUEL.
Bogaert, A. (2004). Asexuality: Prevalence and associated factors in a national probability sample. The Journal of Sex Research, 41(3), 279–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490409552235
Bogaert, A. (2006). Toward a Conceptual Understanding of Asexuality. Review of General Psychology, 10(3), 241–250. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.10.3.241
Bogaert, A. (2012a). Understanding Asexuality. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
Bogaert, A. F. (2012b). Asexuality and Autochorissexualism (Identity-Less Sexuality). Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(6), 1513–1514. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-012-9963-1
Brake, E. (2012). Minimizing Marriage: Marriage, Morality, and the Law. Oxford University Press, Incorporated.
Brown, M. S., & Partridge, N. L. (2021). “Strangely Like a Person”: Cole and the Queering of Asexuality in Dragon Age: Inquisition. Sexuality and Culture, 25(3), 1005–1025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-020-09806-5
Brown, S. J. (2022). Refusing Compulsory Sexuality: A Black Asexual Lens on Our Sex-Obsessed Culture. North Atlantic Books.
Brunning, L., & McKeever, N. (2021). Asexuality. Journal of Applied Philosophy, 38(3), 497–517. https://doi.org/10.1111/japp.12472
Carvalho, A. C., & Rodrigues, D. L. (2022). Sexuality, Sexual Behavior, and Relationships of Asexual Individuals: Differences Between Aromantic and Romantic Orientation. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 51(4), 2159–2168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-02187-2
Cerankowski, K. J. (2014). Spectacular Asexuals: Media Visibility and Cultural Fetish. In Asexualities: feminist and queer perspectives (pp. 139–161). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315882673
Cerankowski, K. J., & Milks, M. (2010). New Orientations: Asexuality and Its Implications for Theory and Practice. Feminist Studies, 36(3), 650–665. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27919126
Cerankowski, K. J., & Milks, M. (Eds.). (2014). Asexualities: Feminist and Queer Perspectives. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315882673
Chasin, C. D. (2015). Making Sense in and of the Asexual Community: Navigating Relationships and Identities in a Context of Resistance. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 25(2), 167–180. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2203
Chen, A. (2020). Ace: what asexuality reveals about desire, society, and the meaning of sex. Beacon Press.
Chu, E. (2014). Radical Identity Politics: Asexuality and Contemporary Articulations of Identity. In K. J. Cerankowski & M. Milks (Eds.), Asexualities: Feminist and Queer Perspectives (pp. 79–99). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315882673
Decker, J. S. (2015). The Invisible Orientation: An Introduction to Asexuality. Simon and Schuster.
Flore, J. (2014). Mismeasures of Asexual Desires. In K. J. Cerankowski & M. Milks (Eds.), Asexualities: Feminist and Queer Perspectives (pp. 17–35). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315882673
Hawkins Owen, I. (2014). On the Racialization of Asexuality. In K. J. Cerankowski & Milks (Eds.), Asexualities, feminist and queer perspectives. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315882673
Kim, E. (2014). Asexualities and Disabilities in Constructing Sexual Normalcy. In K. J. Cerankowski & M. Milks (Eds.), Asexualities: feminist and queer perspectives. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315882673
Lund, E. M., & Johnson, B. A. (2015). Asexuality and Disability: Strange but Compatible Bedfellows. Sexuality and Disability, 33(1), 123–132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11195-014-9378-0
MacInnis, C. C., & Hodson, G. (2012). Intergroup bias toward “Group X”: Evidence of prejudice, dehumanization, avoidance, and discrimination against asexuals. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 15(6), 725–743. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430212442419
MacNeela, P., & Murphy, A. (2015). Freedom, Invisibility, and Community: A Qualitative Study of Self-Identification with Asexuality. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44(3), 799–812. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-014-0458-0
Miyake, D., & Hiramori, D. (2021). Demographic Diversity of the Aromantic/Asexual Spectrum in Japan: Findings from the 2020 Aro/Ace Survey. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/6xk2c
Mollet, A. L., & Lackman, B. (2022). Allonormativity and Compulsory Sexuality. In K. K. Strunk & S. A. Shelton, Encyclopedia of Queer Studies in Education (pp. 26–30). Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004506725_006
Prause, N., & Graham, C. A. (2007). Asexuality: Classification and Characterization. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 36(3), 341–356. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-006-9142-3
Storms, M. D. (1980). Theories of sexual orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(5), 783–792. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.38.5.783
Westberg Gabriel, L. (2018). Slashing the Invisible: Bodily Autonomy in Asexual Fan Fiction. In A. Spacey (Ed.), The Darker Side of Slash Fan Fiction: Essays on Power, Consent, and the Body (pp. 25–49). McFarland & Company, Inc.
Zheng, L., & Su, Y. (2018). Patterns of Asexuality in China: Sexual Activity, Sexual and Romantic Attraction, and Sexual Desire. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 47(4), 1265–1276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-018-1158-y
Further Resources
Brotto, L. A., Knudson, G., Inskip, J., Rhodes, K., & Erskine, Y. (2010). Asexuality: A Mixed-Methods Approach. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39(3), 599–618. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-008-9434-x
Carrigan, M. (2011). There’s more to life than sex? Difference and commonality within the asexual community. Sexualities, 14(4), 462–478. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460711406462
Filipová, P. (2018). Gender in Contemporary U.S. Culture. Asexuality in Representation and Reception. http://dspace.uib.es/xmlui/handle/11201/145748
Mollet, A. L. (2022). Asexuality & Asexuality Studies. In K. K. Strunk & S. A. Shelton, Encyclopedia of Queer Studies in Education (pp. 44–49). Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004506725_006
Peters, C. (2022). Asexuality, Affect Aliens, and Digital Affect Cultures: Relationality with the Happy Objects of Sexual and Romantic Relationships. Western Journal of Communication, 86(5), 585–600. https://doi.org/10.1080/10570314.2022.2100473
Poston, D. L., & Baumle, A. (2010). Patterns of Asexuality in the United States. Demographic Research, 23(18), 509–530. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2010.23.18
Robbins, N. K., Low, K. G., & Query, A. N. (2016). A Qualitative Exploration of the “Coming Out” Process for Asexual Individuals. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 45(3), 751–760. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-015-0561-x
Scherrer, K. S. (2008). Coming to an Asexual Identity: Negotiating Identity, Negotiating Desire. Sexualities, 11(5), 621–641. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460708094269
Schudson, Z., & van Anders, S. (2019). “You have to coin new things”: Sexual and gender identity discourses in asexual, queer, and/or trans young people’s networked counterpublics. Psychology and Sexuality, 10(4), 354–368. https://doi.org/10.1080/19419899.2019.1653957
Yule, M. A., Brotto, L. A., & Gorzalka, B. B. (2013). Mental health and interpersonal functioning in self-identified asexual men and women. Psychology & Sexuality, 4(2), 136–151. https://doi.org/10.1080/19419899.2013.774162
Community Resources for Fandom and Fanfiction
Archive of Our Own. (n.d.). About the OTW. Archive of Our Own. Retrieved December 2, 2022, from https://archiveofourown.org/about
Further Resources
Aromantic Experiences in Fandom by aro-and-tired on Tumblr
Scholarly Resources for Fandom and Fanfiction
Bacon-Smith, C. (2014). Training New Members. In K. Busse & K. Hellekson, The Fan Fiction Studies Reader (pp. 138–158). University of Iowa Press.
Bury, R. (2017). Technology, fandom and community in the second media age. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 23(6), 627–642. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856516648084
Busse, K. (2017). Framing Fan Fiction: Literary and Social Practices in Fan Fiction. University of Iowa Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt20q22s2
Busse, K. (2018). The Ethics of Studying Online Fandom. In M. A. Click & S. Scott, The Routledge Companion to Media Fandom (pp. 9–17). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315637518
Cicioni, M. (1998). Male Pair-Bonds and Female Desire. In C. Harris & A. Alexander (Eds.), Theorizing fandom: fans , subculture, and identity (pp. 153–177). Hampton Press.
De Kosnik, A. (2016). Rogue archives: digital cultural memory and media fandom. The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/10248.001.0001
Green, S., Jenkins, C., & Jenkins, H. (1998). Normal Female Interesting in Men Bonking: Selections from The Terra Nostra Underground and Strange Bedfellows. In C. Harris & A. Alexander (Eds.), Theorizing fandom: fans, subculture, and identity. Hampton Press.
Grossberg, L. (1992). Is there a Fan in the House?: The Affective Sensibility of Fandom. In The Adoring Audience: Fan Culture and Popular Media (pp. 50–66). Taylor & Francis Group.
Harrington, C. L., & Bielby, D. D. (2018). Aging, Fans, and Fandom. In M. A. Click & S. Scott (Eds.), The Routledge Companion to Media Fandom (pp. 406–415). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315637518
Hellekson, K., & Busse, K. (2006). Fan fiction and fan communities in the age of the Internet: new essays. McFarland & Company, Inc.
Hellekson, K., & Busse, K. (2014). The Fan Fiction Studies Reader. University of Iowa Press.
Hills, M. (2002). Fan Cultures. Taylor & Francis Group.
Hills, M. (2012). “Proper Distance” in the Ethical Positioning of Scholar-Fandoms: Between Academics’ and Fans’ Moral Economies? In K. Larsen & L. Zuberis (Eds.), Fan Culture : Theory/Practice. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Jenkins, H. (1992). Textual poachers: television fans & participatory culture. Routledge.
Jensen, J. (1992). Fandom as Pathology: The Consequences of Characterization. In The Adoring Audience. Routledge.
Jones, S. G. (2014). The Sex Lives of Cult Television Characters. In The Fan Fiction Studies Reader (pp. 116–130). Iowa City Press.
Llewellyn, A. (2021). “A Space Where Queer Is Normalized”: The Online World and Fanfictions as Heterotopias for WLW. Journal of Homosexuality, 69(13), 2348–2369. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2021.1940012
MacDonald, A. (1998). Uncertain Utopia: Science Fiction Media Fandom & Mediated Communication. In C. Harris & A. Alexander (Eds.), Theorizing Fandom: Fans, Subculture and Identity. Hampton Press, Inc.
McDermott, M. (2021). The (broken) promise of queerbaiting: Happiness and futurity in politics of queer representation. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 24(5), 844–859. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367877920984170
Pande, R. (2016). Squee from the Margins: Racial/Cultural/Ethnic Identity in Global Media Fandom. In L. K. Bennett & P. Booth (Eds.), Seeing fans: representations of fandom in media and popular culture (pp. 209–220). Bloomsbury Academic.
Pande, R. (2018). Who Do You Mean by “Fan?” Decolonizing Media Fandom Identity. In A Companion to Media Fandom and Fan Studies (pp. 319–332). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119237211.ch20
Penley, C. (2014). Future Men. In K. Busse & Karen Hellekson, The Fan Fiction Studies Reader. University of Iowa Press.
Renninger, B. J. (2015). “Where I can be myself … where I can speak my mind”: Networked counterpublics in a polymedia environment. New Media & Society, 17(9), 1513–1529. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444814530095
Rouse, L., & Stanfill, M. (2023). Over*Flow: Fan Demographics on Archive of Our Own. Flow Journal. https://www.flowjournal.org/2023/02/fan-demographics-on-ao3/
Russ, J. (2014). Pornography by Women for Women, with Love. In Kristina Busse & Karen Hellekson, The Fan Fiction Studies Reader. University of Iowa Press.
Russo, J. L. (2015). Textual Orientation: Queer Female Fandom Online (C. Carter, L. Steiner, & L. McLaughlin, Eds.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203066911
Sandvoss, C. (2005). Fans: the mirror of consumption. Polity.
Spacey, A. (2018). The Darker Side of Fan Fiction: Essays on Power, Consent, and the Body. MacFarland & Company, Inc.
Stein, L., & Busse, K. (2009). Limit Play: Fan Authorship between Source Text, Intertext, and Context. Popular Communication, 7(4), 192–207. https://doi.org/10.1080/15405700903177545
Warburton, J. (2010). Me/Her/Draco Malfoy: Fangirls Communities and Their Fiction. In Girl Wide Web 2.0: Revisiting Girls, the Internet, and the Negotiation of Identity (pp. 117–138). Peter Lang Publishing, Inc.
Warner, M. (1991). Fear of a Queer Planet. Social Text, 29, 3–17.
Westberg Gabriel, L. (2018). Slashing the Invisible: Bodily Autonomy in Asexual Fan Fiction. In A. Spacey (Ed.), The Darker Side of Slash Fan Fiction: Essays on Power, Consent, and the Body (pp. 25–49). McFarland & Company, Inc.
Further Resources
Beyvers, S. E., & Zitzelsberger, F. (2020). American queeroes: Coming-out narratives in the Captain America fandom. Comparative American Studies An International Journal, 17(1), 6–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775700.2020.1720405
Black, R. (2008). Adolescents and Online Fan Fiction. Peter Lang.
Coleman, J. J. (2019). Writing with Impunity in a Space of Their Own: On Cultural Appropriation, Imaginative Play, and a New Ethics of Slash in Harry Potter Fan Fiction. Jeunesse: Young People, Texts, Cultures, 11(1), 84–111. https://doi.org/10.1353/jeu.2019.0004
Kelly, A. M. (2020). “Lots of Us Are Doing Fine”: Femslash Fan Fiction, Happy Endings, and the Archontic Expansions of the Price of Salt Archive. Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory, 31(1), 42–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/10436928.2020.1712791
Lamerichs, N. (2018). Productive Fandom: Intermediality and Affective Reception in Fan Cultures. Amsterdam University Press. http://muse.jhu.edu/book/66421
Stanfill, M. (2013). “They’re Losers, but I Know Better”: Intra-Fandom Stereotyping and the Normalization of the Fan Subject. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 30(2), 117–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2012.755053
Valentine, A. A. (2016). Toward a broader recognition of the queer in the BBC’S “Sherlock.” Transformative Works and Cultures, 22. https://doi.org/10.3983/twc.2016.0828
Other
Ahmed, S. (2006). Queer Phenomenology: Orientations, Objects, Others. Duke University Press.
Chan, J. (2020). Chinese American Masculinities: From Fu Manchu to Bruce Lee. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203814987
Chong, E. (2020, February 13). “I could have been a K-pop idol – but I’m glad I quit.” BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-51476159
Edelman, L. (2004). No Future: Queer Theory and the Death Drive. https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822385981
GLAAD Media Institute. (2022). Where We Are on TV Report – 2021-22. https://www.glaad.org/whereweareontv21
Halberstam, J. (2011). The queer art of failure. Duke University Press.
Hall, S. (1991). Encoding/Decoding. In S. Hall, D. Hobson, A. Lowe, & P. Willis (Eds.), Culture, media, language : Working papers in cultural studies, 1972-79 (pp. 117–127). Taylor & Francis Group.
Rich, A. (1993). Compulsory Sexuality and Lesbian Existence. In H. Abelove (Ed.), The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader. Routledge.
Rubin, H. J., & Rubin, I. (2012). Qualitative interviewing: the art of hearing data (3rd ed.). SAGE.
Saldaña, J. (2013). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (2nd ed.). SAGE.
Shimizu, C. P. (2012). Straitjacket Sexualities: Unbinding Asian American Manhoods in the Movies. Stanford University Press.
Thomas, J. D. (2017). Queer Sensibilities and Other Fagchild Tools. In M. Brettschneider, S. Burgess, & C. Keating (Eds.), LGBTQ Politics: A Critical Reader (1st ed., Vol. 3). NYU Press.
Varela, M. do M. C., Dhawan, N., & Engel, A. (Eds.). (2016). Hegemony and Heteronormativity: Revisiting “The Political” in Queer Politics. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315586496
Williams, R. (2009). The Analysis of Culture. In J. Storey (Ed.), Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: A Reader (4th ed., pp. 32–40). Pearson Education.
Wylie, A. (2004). Why Standpoint Matters. In S. Harding (Ed.), The Feminist Standpoint Theory Reader: Intellectual & Political Controversies (pp. 339–352). Routledge.
Further Resources
Hellekson, K., & Busse, K. (2009). Fan Privacy and TWC’s Editorial Philosophy. https://www.transformativeworks.org/twac/twc-citation/
Rosenberg, S. (2018). Coming In: Queer Narratives of Sexual Self-Discovery. Journal of Homosexuality, 65(13), 1788–1816. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2017.1390811
Aromanticism & Asexuality in Fanfiction Writing 